{"id":104,"date":"2019-08-12T17:59:53","date_gmt":"2019-08-12T21:59:53","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.nutriiq.ca\/wordpress\/?p=104"},"modified":"2023-05-09T12:26:36","modified_gmt":"2023-05-09T16:26:36","slug":"dietary-sources-of-molybdenum","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.nutriiq.ca\/wordpress\/dietary-sources-of-molybdenum\/","title":{"rendered":"Molybdenum: Reference and Dietary Sources"},"content":{"rendered":"<div id=\"ez-toc-container\" class=\"ez-toc-v2_0_82_2 counter-hierarchy ez-toc-counter ez-toc-grey ez-toc-container-direction\">\n<p class=\"ez-toc-title\" style=\"cursor:inherit\">On this page<\/p>\n<label for=\"ez-toc-cssicon-toggle-item-69f9c0b4824dd\" class=\"ez-toc-cssicon-toggle-label\"><span class=\"\"><span class=\"eztoc-hide\" style=\"display:none;\">Toggle<\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-icon-toggle-span\"><svg style=\"fill: #999;color:#999\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" class=\"list-377408\" width=\"20px\" height=\"20px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\"><path d=\"M6 6H4v2h2V6zm14 0H8v2h12V6zM4 11h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2zM4 16h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2z\" fill=\"currentColor\"><\/path><\/svg><svg style=\"fill: #999;color:#999\" class=\"arrow-unsorted-368013\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"10px\" height=\"10px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" version=\"1.2\" baseProfile=\"tiny\"><path d=\"M18.2 9.3l-6.2-6.3-6.2 6.3c-.2.2-.3.4-.3.7s.1.5.3.7c.2.2.4.3.7.3h11c.3 0 .5-.1.7-.3.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7zM5.8 14.7l6.2 6.3 6.2-6.3c.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7c-.2-.2-.4-.3-.7-.3h-11c-.3 0-.5.1-.7.3-.2.2-.3.5-.3.7s.1.5.3.7z\"\/><\/svg><\/span><\/span><\/label><input type=\"checkbox\"  id=\"ez-toc-cssicon-toggle-item-69f9c0b4824dd\" checked aria-label=\"Toggle\" \/><nav><ul class='ez-toc-list ez-toc-list-level-1 ' ><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-1\" href=\"https:\/\/www.nutriiq.ca\/wordpress\/dietary-sources-of-molybdenum\/#Introduction\" >Introduction<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-2\" href=\"https:\/\/www.nutriiq.ca\/wordpress\/dietary-sources-of-molybdenum\/#Recommended_Dietary_Allowances_RDAs_for_Molybdenum\" >Recommended Dietary Allowances (RDAs) for Molybdenum<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-3\" href=\"https:\/\/www.nutriiq.ca\/wordpress\/dietary-sources-of-molybdenum\/#Sources_of_Molybdenum\" >Sources of Molybdenum<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-4' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-4'><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-4' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-4\" href=\"https:\/\/www.nutriiq.ca\/wordpress\/dietary-sources-of-molybdenum\/#Selected_Food_Sources_of_Molybdenum\" >Selected Food Sources of Molybdenum<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-5\" href=\"https:\/\/www.nutriiq.ca\/wordpress\/dietary-sources-of-molybdenum\/#References\" >References<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul><\/nav><\/div>\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Abstract<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>In this article, we describe:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>the major purposes of this specific nutrient in the human body,&nbsp;<\/li><li>its experimentally confirmed health uses,&nbsp;<\/li><li>conventional ways to estimate nutrient status,<\/li><li>nutrient\u2019s toxicities and deficiencies,<\/li><li>experimentally confirmed and approved levels of the nutrient intake for different demographics,<\/li><li>dietary sources of the nutrient.<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Introduction\"><\/span>Introduction<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Molybdenum is an essential trace element that is a structural constituent of molybdopterin, a cofactor synthesized by the body and required for the function of enzymes metabolizing sulfur-containing amino acids, purines and pyrimidines, as well as drugs and toxins.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Molybdenum appears to be absorbed via a passive nonmediated process. The kidneys are the main regulators of molybdenum levels in the body and are responsible for its excretion. Molybdenum, in the form of molybdopterin, is stored in the liver, kidney, adrenal glands, and bone.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Molybdenum deficiency is rare and status is not assessed in clinical settings, except in people with a genetic mutation that prevents the synthesis of molybdopterin and therefore of sulfite oxidase.  Urinary molybdenum does not reflect molybdenum status. Acute molybdenum toxicity is rare, but it can occur with industrial mining and metalworking exposure.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.nutriiq.ca\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" aria-label=\" (opens in a new tab)\">Nutri-IQ tool<\/a> provides easy and convenient way to analyze patient&#8217;s bothersome symptoms and relate them to nutrients inadequacy (deficiency or toxicity).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Recommended_Dietary_Allowances_RDAs_for_Molybdenum\"><\/span><strong>Recommended Dietary Allowances (RDAs) for Molybdenum<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table is-style-stripes\"><table><thead><tr><th>Age<\/th><th>Male<\/th><th>Female<\/th><th>Pregnancy<\/th><th>Lactation<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td>Birth to 6 months<\/td><td>2 mcg*<\/td><td>2 mcg*<\/td><td><\/td><td><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>7\u201312 months<\/td><td>3 mcg*<\/td><td>3 mcg*<\/td><td><\/td><td><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>1\u20133 years<\/td><td>17 mcg<\/td><td>17 mcg<\/td><td><\/td><td><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>4\u20138 years<\/td><td>22 mcg<\/td><td>22 mcg<\/td><td><\/td><td><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>9\u201313 years<\/td><td>34 mcg<\/td><td>34 mcg<\/td><td><\/td><td><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>14\u201318 years<\/td><td>43 mcg<\/td><td>43 mcg<\/td><td>50 mcg<\/td><td>50 mcg<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>19+ years<\/td><td>45 mcg<\/td><td>45 mcg<\/td><td>50 mcg<\/td><td>50 mcg<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-small-font-size\">*AI, based on mean molybdenum intakes of infants fed primarily human milk.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h3\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Sources_of_Molybdenum\"><\/span>Sources of Molybdenum<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>The top sources of molybdenum are legumes, cereal grains, leafy vegetables, beef liver, and milk. Milk and cheese products are the main sources of molybdenum for teens and children.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The amount of molybdenum in food depends on the amount of molybdenum in the soil and in the water used for irrigation. Drinking water generally contains only small amounts of molybdenum. The amount of information on molybdenum levels in foods is quite limited.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Selected_Food_Sources_of_Molybdenum\"><\/span><strong>Selected Food Sources of Molybdenum<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table is-style-stripes\"><table><thead><tr><th>Food<\/th><th>Micrograms<br \/>(mcg) per<br \/>serving<\/th><th>Percent<br \/>DV*<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td>Boiled black-eyed peas, \u00bd cup<\/td><td>288<\/td><td>640<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Pan-fried beef liver,  (3 ounces)<\/td><td>104<\/td><td>231<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Boiled lima beans, \u00bd cup<\/td><td>104<\/td><td>231<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Plain yogurt, 1 cup<\/td><td>26<\/td><td>58<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Milk, 1 cup<\/td><td>22<\/td><td>49<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Baked potato, 1 medium<\/td><td>16<\/td><td>36<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Cheerios cereal, \u00bd cup<\/td><td>15<\/td><td>33<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Shredded wheat cereal, \u00bd cup<\/td><td>15<\/td><td>33<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Banana, medium<\/td><td>15<\/td><td>33<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>White rice, cooked, \u00bd cup<\/td><td>13<\/td><td>29<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Whole wheat bread, 1 slice<\/td><td>12<\/td><td>27<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Dry roasted peanuts, 1 ounce<\/td><td>11<\/td><td>24<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Roasted chicken, 3 ounces<\/td><td>9<\/td><td>20<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Soft-boiled lard egg, soft-boiled<\/td><td>9<\/td><td>20<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Boiled spinach, \u00bd cup<\/td><td>8<\/td><td>18<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Pan-fried ground beef, 3 ounces<\/td><td>8<\/td><td>18<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Dry roasted pecans, 1 ounce<\/td><td>8<\/td><td>18<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Sweet yellow corn,  cooked, \u00bd cup<\/td><td>6<\/td><td>13<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Cheddar cheese, 1 ounce<\/td><td>6<\/td><td>13<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Canned in oil tuna, 3 ounces<\/td><td>5<\/td><td>11<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Boiled without skin potato, \u00bd cup<\/td><td>4<\/td><td>9<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Orange, medium<\/td><td>4<\/td><td>9<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Boiled green beans, \u00bd cup<\/td><td>3<\/td><td>7<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Carrots, raw, \u00bd cup<\/td><td>2<\/td><td>4<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Asparagus, boiled, \u00bd cup<\/td><td>2<\/td><td>4<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>*DV = Daily Value. <\/li><li>The DV for molybdenum is 45 mcg for adults and children age 4 years and older. <\/li><li>Foods providing 20% or more of the DV are considered to be high sources of a nutrient, but foods providing lower percentages of the DV also contribute to a healthful diet.<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"References\"><\/span>References<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>Elson Haas. \u201cStaying Healthy with Nutrition\u201d<\/li><li>U.S. Department of Health &amp; Human Services:\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/ods.od.nih.gov\/factsheets\/Molybdenum-HealthProfessional\/\">https:\/\/ods.od.nih.gov\/factsheets\/Molibdenum-HealthProfessional\/<\/a><\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>The top sources of molybdenum are legumes, cereal grains, leafy vegetables, beef liver, and milk. Milk and cheese products are the main sources of molybdenum for teens and children.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":556,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"colormag_page_container_layout":"default_layout","colormag_page_sidebar_layout":"default_layout","_lmt_disableupdate":"no","_lmt_disable":"","_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0,"_uf_show_specific_survey":0,"_uf_disable_surveys":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[30],"tags":[27,106,105],"class_list":["post-104","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-minerals","tag-dietary-sources-of-molybdenum","tag-molybdenum-deficiency","tag-molybdenum-toxicity"],"aioseo_notices":[],"modified_by":"admin","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.nutriiq.ca\/wordpress\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/104","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.nutriiq.ca\/wordpress\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.nutriiq.ca\/wordpress\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.nutriiq.ca\/wordpress\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.nutriiq.ca\/wordpress\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=104"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.nutriiq.ca\/wordpress\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/104\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.nutriiq.ca\/wordpress\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/556"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.nutriiq.ca\/wordpress\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=104"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.nutriiq.ca\/wordpress\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=104"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.nutriiq.ca\/wordpress\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=104"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}